Presence of the numeral marker in the numeral ‘1’

See data and maps.

Plain text

Melenchenko, Maksim (2022). “Presence of the numeral marker in the numeral ‘1’”. In: Typological Atlas of the Languages of Daghestan (TALD), v 2.0.1. Ed. by George Moroz, Michael Daniel, Konstantin Filatov, Timur Maisak, Timofey Mukhin, Irina Politova, Elena Shvedova, Samira Verhees and Chiara Naccarato. Moscow: Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, HSE University. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6807070. https://lingconlab.ru/tald.

BibTeX

@incollection{melenchenko2022,
  title = {Presence of the numeral marker in the numeral ‘1’},
  author = {Maksim Melenchenko},
  year = {2022},
  editor = {George Moroz and Michael Daniel and Konstantin Filatov and Timur Maisak and Timofey Mukhin and Irina Politova and Elena Shvedova and Samira Verhees and Chiara Naccarato},
  publisher = {Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, HSE University},
  address = {Moscow},
  booktitle = {Typological Atlas of the Languages of Daghestan (TALD), v 2.0.1},
  url = {https://lingconlab.ru/tald},
  doi = {10.5281/zenodo.6807070},
}

1 Introduction

This chapter is dedicated to the presence of the numeral marker in the numeral ‘1’ across the East Caucasian family and neighboring languages.

2 Results

This map shows the presence or absence of the numeral marker in the cardinal ‘1’. This cardinal differs from other simple numerals in morphology in most East Caucasian languages. Usually, the numeral marker is not used with the root ‘1’. It is often either absent or replaced with a class suffix (in cases where the general numeral marker is not the class suffix). Examples (1) and (2) show possible differences between ‘1’ and adjacent simple cardinals.

1. Sanzhi Dargwa (Forker 2020: 130)

   ca

   one

   ‘1’

   urek:-al

   six-num

   ‘6’

2. Godoberi (Tatevosov 1996: 29)

   c’e-b

   one-cm

   ‘1’

   ɬabu-da

   three-num

   ‘3’

However, in Lak and some of the Lezgic languages the numeral ‘1’ carries the same numeral marker as all other simple numerals:

3. Mishlesh Tsakhur (Kibrik 1999: 154)

   sa=b-le

   one=cm-num

   ‘1’

   xo=b-le

   five=cm-num

   ‘5’

3 Distribution

The numeral marker is generally absent in the numeral ‘1’, with the exception of several languages concentrated in the southern Dagestan: Budukh and Kryz, Tsakhur, Tabasaran (Lezgic), and Lak.

List of glosses

cm — class marker; num — numeral

References

Forker, Diana. (2020). A grammar of Sanzhi Dargwa. Berlin: Language Science Press.

Kibrik, Aleksandr E. (1999). Èlementy caxurskogo jazyka v tipologičeskom osveščenii [Elements of Tsakhur grammar in a typological perspective]. Moscow: Nasledie.

Tatevosov, Sergei. (1996). Attributives. In Alexandr E. Kibrik, Sergei G. Tatevosov, Alexander Eulenberg (Eds.), Godoberi (p. 20—35). Munich/Newcastle: Lincom Europa.

Typological Atlas of the languages of Daghestan (TALD) is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 International License.

2020, Linguistic Convergence Laboratory, HSE University